FMF attacks are unique in their sensitivity to the microtubule inhibitor colchicine in contrast with their refractoriness to glucocorticoids. Prolonged prophylactic treatment with colchicine 0.6 mg b.i.d. or t.i.d. diminishes the risk of attacks and the risk of amyloidosis and secondary renal insufficiency. Sustained-release formulations of colchicine exist. Compliance must be emphasized because interruption of the treatment may result in a flare-up within a few days. Many patients require analgesics to help alleviate the pain. Diclofenac 75 mg IM is often used for this. Morphine addiction frequently constitutes a real problem in this group. Interferon-alpha has not been demonstrated to have any beneficial effect in these patients. Prazocin may have a beneficial effect but requires more study before its place in treatment will be established.