Realist Lab

We develop realist evaluation, review and research methods to address complex health challenges.

Interesting links and resources

Rameses projects

The Rameses projects developed methodological guidance,  publication standards and training resources for realist evaluation/research and realist synthesis. It also runs the  Rameses mailing list, the longest running and most effective online support  system for anything realist.

The Realist Lens

The Podcast series The Realist Lens presents discussions with expert guests, students, and practitioners to explore key realist concepts, practical insights, real-world examples, and thoughtful reflections.

Publications

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2026

2025

  • Van Belle, S., Srinivas, P. N., Cornu, T., Hebbar, P., Abejirinde, I.-O., & Marchal, B. (2025). Realist interviews in global health research: Case studies and comparative analysis with similar interview approaches. In A. Manzano & E. Williams (Eds.), Realist evaluation: Principles and practice. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003457077-8

  • Van Belle, S., & Marchal, B. (2025). Context and generalizability in health policy and systems research: A plea for an integrative praxis of theorizing. Health Policy and Planning, 40(9), 992–997. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czaf048

2023

  • Van Belle, S., Abejirinde, I.-O., Ssennyonjo, A., Srinivas, P. N., Hebbar, P., & Marchal, B. (2023). How to develop a realist programme theory using Margaret Archer’s structure–agency–culture framework: The case of adolescent accountability for sexual and reproductive health in urban resource-constrained settings. Evaluation, 29(3), 259–275. https://doi.org/10.1177/13563890231185167?

  • Ibiloye, O., Decroo, T., van Olmen, J., et al. (2023). Initial programme theory for community-based ART delivery for key populations in Benue State, Nigeria: A realist evaluation study. BMC Public Health, 23, Article 870. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15774-w

  • Badejo, O., Nöstlinger, C., Wouters, E., Laga, M., Okonkwo, P., Jwanle, P., et al. (2023). Understanding why and how youth-friendly health services improve viral load suppression among adolescents and young people living with HIV in Nigeria: Realist evaluation with qualitative comparative analysis. BMJ Global Health, 8, Article e012600. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012600

2022

  • Van Belle, S., Wong, G., Westhorp, G., Pearson, M., Emmel, N., Manzano, A., & Marchal, B. (2022). Chapitre 6: Les essais randomistes peuvent-ils être authentiquement réalistes? In T. Delahais, A. D. Spatarakis, A. Revillard, & V. Ridde (Eds.), Évaluation: Fondements, controverses, perspectives. Éditions Science et Bien Commun. (Traduction de C. Gazier & V. Ridde van Van Belle, S., Wong, G., Westhorp, G., Pearson, M., Emmel, N., Manzano, A., & Marchal, B. (2016). Can “realist” randomised controlled trials be genuinely realist? Trials, 17, Article 313.)

2018

  • Marchal, B., Kegels, G., & Van Belle, S. (2018). Theory and realist methods. In N. Emmel, J. Greenhalgh, A. Manzano, M. Monaghan, & S. Dalkin (Eds.), Doing realist research (pp. 79–91). SAGE.

2010

  • Van Belle, S. B., Marchal, B., Dubourg, D., & Kegels, G. (2010). How to develop a theory-driven evaluation design? Lessons learned from an adolescent sexual and reproductive health programme in West Africa. BMC Public Health, 10, Article 741. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-741